17土方開挖和回填工程.doc

一、 施工準(zhǔn)備
（一） 作業(yè)條件
1、 土方開挖
（1） 制定開挖方案，確定合理的開挖方式、施工順序和邊坡防護(hù)措施，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)氖┕�機(jī)械。
（2） 將施工區(qū)城內(nèi)的地上、地下障礙物清除和處理完畢。
（3） 做好建筑物的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軸線樁、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水平樁，用白灰灑出開挖線，必須經(jīng)過檢驗(yàn)臺(tái)格，辦理完驗(yàn)線手續(xù)。
（4） 若設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)底面低于地下水位，要提前采取降水措施，把地下水位降至低于開挖底面0.5m以下。然后再開挖。
（5） 夜間施工時(shí)，應(yīng)合理安排工序，防止錯(cuò)挖或超挖。施工場地應(yīng)根據(jù)需要安裝照明設(shè)施，在危險(xiǎn)地段應(yīng)設(shè)置明顯標(biāo)志。
（6） 熟悉圖紙。
2、 土方回填
（1） 回填前，對(duì)基礎(chǔ)、箱型基礎(chǔ)墻或地下防水層、保護(hù)層等進(jìn)行檢查驗(yàn)收并辦理隱檢手續(xù)。
（2） 將基坑內(nèi)的雜物、積水等清理干凈。
房心、管溝的回填應(yīng)在上下
First, construction preparation
(A) Operating conditions
1, earth excavation
(1) to develop excavation program, determine a reasonable way of excavation, construction sequence and slope protection measures, select the appropriate construction machinery.
(2) the construction of the city's land area, underground obstructions removed and disposed of.
(3) axis of good standards of building piles, standard level pile, sprinkled with white dust from excavation line, grid station to be tested, go through complete line inspection procedures.
(4) If the design basis of the bottom below the water table, rainfall measures taken in advance to the groundwater level falls below 0.5m the following excavation bottom. Before excavation.
(5) the night time when the process should be reasonable arrangements to prevent the wrong dig or over excavation. Construction site lighting shall be installed in hazardous location should be set clearly marked.
(6) familiar with the drawings.
2, earth backfill
(1) before backfilling, basic, box-type foundation wall or underground waterproof layer, protective layer such as check acceptance and processing inspection procedures implicit.
(2) pit the debris, clean water and so on.
Housing heart, trench backfill should be up and down
 

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